Deciphering the Underlying Mechanism of the Plant Circadian System and Its Regulation on Plant Growth and Development

doi:10.11983/CBB17226

Abstract

Abstract: The plant circadian system mostly includes input pathways, a core oscillator and output pathways to sense and anticipate the timing cues of the environment to optimize plant growth and fitness. As the cellular core coordinating system, the plant circadian system can sense the daily recurring light and temperature dynamics to coordinate the metabolism and multiple physiology processes, providing an adaptive advantage for plant growth and development. The core circadian oscillator regulates multiple complex downstream networks at various levels. Here, we summarize recent major research progress in deciphering the underlying mechanisms of the core oscillator and its regulatory networks. We also highlight a few fundamental questions needing to be resolved.

Key words: circadian system, environmental adaption, growth and development, circadian rhythm, stresses response

Wei Hua, Wang Yan, Liu Baohui, Wang Lei. Deciphering the Underlying Mechanism of the Plant Circadian System and Its Regulation on Plant Growth and Development[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2018, 53(4): 456-467.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB17226

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2018/V53/I4/456

Figures/Tables 2

Figure 1 A proposed model of circadian clock regulated growth and development in ArabidopsisIn higher plants, circadian clock is composed of three major parts, including input pathways, core oscillator and output pathways. The core oscillator is formed by interlocked feedback loops, such as morning loop, central loop and evening loop, indicated by the dotted oval in the figure. Circadian core oscillator regulates multiple outputs, such as hypocotyl elongation, pathogen defense, biotic and abiotic stress adaption, plant hormone signaling pathways and flowering time.

Figure 2 The proposed model for circadian clock regulating heading date in riceIn rice, OsELF3.1 is a key factor to maintain circadian rhythm and regulate heading date. In the long day condition, OsELF3.1 acts as a negative factor by repressing Hd3a and Ehd1 to regulate heading date, genetically works at the upstream of OsPRR73 and Ghd7, while in short day condition, OsELF3.1 can work as a positive regulator by sensing the blue light signaling to promote Ehd1 expression. OsPRR37 and OsGI are other essential components of rice circadian clock to regulate heading date in rice through photoperiod dependent pathway.

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