植物学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 133-141.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1259.2015.00133

• 专题论坛 • 上一篇    

橡胶草的研究进展

仇键1, 张继川3, 罗世巧1, 校现周1, 王锋4, 张立群3, 刘实忠1,2,*()   

  1. 1中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所, 农业部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室, 儋州 571737
    2中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站, 湛江 524013
    3先进弹性体研究中心, 北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院, 北京 100029
    4山东玲珑轮胎有限公司, 招远 265406
  • 收稿日期:2013-11-29 接受日期:2014-04-03 出版日期:2015-01-01 发布日期:2015-04-09
  • 通讯作者: 刘实忠
  • 作者简介:

    ? 共同第一作者

  • 基金资助:
    国家天然橡胶产业体系(No.CARS-34-GW7)、国家自然科学基金(No.31400579)、海南省自然科学基金(No.314139)和中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所基本科研业务费专项(No.1630022013023)

Research Advances and Perspectives on Rubber-producing Taraxacum

Jian Qiu1, Jichuan Zhang3, Shiqiao Luo1, Xianzhou Xiao1, Feng Wang4, Liqun Zhang3, Shizhong Liu1, 2, *   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
    2Zhanjiang Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
    3Center of Advanced Elastomer Materials, College of Materials and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical and Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    4Shandong Linglong Tyre Company Limited, Zhaoyuan 265406, China
  • Received:2013-11-29 Accepted:2014-04-03 Online:2015-01-01 Published:2015-04-09
  • Contact: Liu Shizhong
  • About author:

    ? These authors contributed equally to this paper

摘要: 天然橡胶是一种不可替代的重要战略工业原料, 用途广泛。巴西橡胶树作为天然橡胶的主要来源, 受种植面积限制, 难以满足全球日益增长的对天然橡胶的需求。而南美叶疫病也是巴西橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis)安全的潜在威胁。蒲公英属产胶植物(橡胶草)最早发现于20世纪30年代, 可产生高质量的天然橡胶, 具有生长周期短、地理适应范围广、适合机械化生产等特点, 被认为是一种理想的产胶备选作物。该文从橡胶草种质资源、遗传改良、栽培技术及产胶生物学机制等方面综述了国内外橡胶草的研究进展和存在的问题, 并为我国开展橡胶草相关研究提出建议。

Abstract: Natural rubber (NR) is a rare material of strategic importance that, for many of its most significant applications, cannot be replaced by synthetic alternatives. The rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis is the almost exclusive commercial source of natural rubber but cannot meet the growing global demands for rubber because of restricted cultivation. Moreover, South American leaf blight is a potential risk to decimate tress in terms of production. Plants of rubber-producing Taraxacum, producing high-molecular-weight NR, are fast-growing, widely adaptable and easily harvested and so considered a promising alternative rubber source. We review advances in study of rubber-producing Taraxacum, including germplasm resources and breeding, agronomic techniques, and the biological mechanism of NR biosynthesis. The hotspots and key issues are discussed to propose study of rubber-producing Taraxacum and to provide references for this research in China.