Abstract: We reviewed studies of germplasm resources, heredity and improvement of main characters, and the breeding technology of pansy (Viola × wittrockiana Gams.). Cultivars and related species of pansy are abundant. Heredity and improvement of main ornamental characters, nutrient characters and resistance features have been studied to some extent. Great achievements have been gained by crossing, polyploid breeding, mutation breeding and tissue culture. Male sterility, heredity of floral color and color pattern and biotechnology are key points in breeding of pansy. Germplasm resources of pansy within China should be protected and used and new cultivars developed for flower markets.